Old gold mine sites at Echunga in the Adelaide Hills South Australia. : 無料・フリー素材/写真
Old gold mine sites at Echunga in the Adelaide Hills South Australia. / denisbin
| ライセンス | クリエイティブ・コモンズ 表示-改変禁止 2.1 |
|---|---|
| 説明 | Echunga – the only Quaker village in SA.The town here takes its name from an Aboriginal word meaning “close by”. Echunga was part of a Special Survey of 1839 called the Three Brothers Survey for John Barton Hack. Hack was a wheeler and dealer and lived from 1805 to 1884. He tried many business ventures (land investment, whaling, mining, dairying, cattle etc.) but he seldom succeeded at these ventures. He arrived in the Mt Barker district in 1838 where he squatted illegally on some land with a herd of cattle. He was removed by Dutton and the Mt Barker Survey so he immediately paid £4,000 for his Special Survey of the adjoining lands. He then set about setting up tenant farmers on his land although he also sold some land at £4 per acre whilst he had paid just £1. Upon his lands he built his own homestead where Echunga now stands. But Hack (the suburb of Hackney was named after him) over stretched himself with his borrowings and he also over paid his employees. He was a generous man and later donated land in Pennington Terrace for the Quakers. In 1841 his lands were foreclosed by mortgage holders including Jacob Hagen who took over the Echunga lands. Hack was a Methodist in his early days but soon converted to Quakerism. Hagen was also a Quaker and at Echunga he tried to establish a Quaker village with vineyards, wheat fields, dairy herds and tenant farmers. But he too was unsuccessful in establishing a proper Quaker village but he did establish the township. It was laid out in 1849 and it was Hagen himself who built the Hagen Arms Hotel in that same year. He made wine from his vineyards and Echunga Hock was once served to Queen Victoria. The hotel is now classified as a heritage building because of its association with Jacob Hagen. Hagen gave land in Echunga for the Anglican Church and cemetery and he helped establish the Echunga District Council in 1853. St Mary’s Anglican Church was opened very early in 1851 on a commanding position on top of a hill. The Hagen Arms Hotel was built as a fine two storey hotel with a parapet hiding the roof line and a diagonal entrance door but this was altered in the early 20th century. The upstairs balcony and a new façade was created then. Near the hotel as one walks down the hill and Main Street you can see is the Pressed Tin House with an unusual corner room. Opposite that is the old coaching depot with extensive yards surrounded with stone walls. Nearby is a charming cottage with decorative window shades painted green. Further along you will see the Echunga Institute which was built in 1879 with Mrs Goyder the wife of the Surveyor General laying the foundation stone. It was opened by George Goyder himself in 1880. He donated books to the Institute library. An old stone projection room for movies has been added to the façade. Opposite is the Wesley Methodist Church which was erected in 1857. This early chapel was replaced with the current Methodist Church in 1884. It is now the Uniting Church. The land for this church was donated by Sophia Hagen one of the daughters of Jacob Hagen.Echunga – the Jupiter Goldfields. Echunga was the district for the first gold rush in SA and although these fields produced up to 50,000 ounces of gold little is left of the miners fields. Like all gold fields the Jupiter Creek diggings were rough and ready with many canvas structures. The township of Echunga was refused a police officer and station in the 1850s because three officers were stationed at the diggings. The first gold was discovered by William Chapman, a local farmer, in 1852. Further discoveries were made in 1854 when there were around 500 miners on the site. More gold was discovered in 1859. The field suited diggers as much of the gold was alluvial. Much larger finds of gold were discovered in 1868 by Thomas Plane and Henry Saunders. The main periods of gold digging were: Phase One 1868-1871Phase Two 1884-1890sPhase Three 1904-1907 Phase Four 1930s. During the first main phase from 1868 to 1871 there were 1,200 people living on the diggings and the camp township included some stores, butcher shop, wine booths and a hotel. No fortunes were made but some were lost here. The population soon dwindled and in 1869 several reef mining companies were formed for shaft mining. All companies had gone into liquidation by 1871. Similar events happened in the next two phases of mining with some companies formed for deep shaft mining. The fourth phase during the Depression attracted desperate unemployed men who dug in search of a small nugget or find. Not much was recovered during this last phaser but some tunnels and shafts were dug up to 60 metres deep. A difficult walk around the mine sites will take you past the Crystal Mine of 1888 with its 50 metre deep shaft and some of the alluvial diggings of the 1930s. Finally you can walk past the Beatrice Mine from the 1869 period with its 30 metre deep shafts and its stone circular air ventilation chimney. The carpark at the site is where the canvas township once stood. |
| 撮影日 | 2007-12-18 12:43:09 |
| 撮影者 | denisbin |
| タグ | |
| 撮影地 | |
| カメラ | Vivicam4000 , Vivitar |
| 露出 | 0.013 sec (1/75) |
| 開放F値 | f/4.0 |