商用無料の写真検索さん
           


Travertine flowstone-covered columns in Great Onyx Cave (Flint Ridge, Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky, USA) 3 : 無料・フリー素材/写真

Travertine flowstone-covered columns in Great Onyx Cave (Flint Ridge, Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky, USA) 3 / James St. John
このタグをブログ記事に貼り付けてください。
トリミング(切り除き):
使用画像:     注:元画像によっては、全ての大きさが同じ場合があります。
サイズ:横      位置:上から 左から 写真をドラッグしても調整できます。
あなたのブログで、ぜひこのサービスを紹介してください!(^^
Travertine flowstone-covered columns in Great Onyx Cave (Flint Ridge, Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky, USA) 3

QRコード

ライセンスクリエイティブ・コモンズ 表示 2.1
説明Travertine flowstone-covered columns in Great Onyx Cave.Great Onyx Cave is located in the northern part of Flint Ridge in Mammoth Cave National Park, Kentucky, USA. It has 8 miles worth of mapped passages. Geologically, Great Onyx Cave is part of the Mammoth Cave System, but it has become erosively separated from it (although an air flow connection with the Mammoth Cave System has been identified). Great Onyx Cave is the downstream continuation of the Salt Cave section of the system.The walls of Great Onyx Cave are limestones of the Paoli Member, shales of the Bethel Member, and limestones of the Beaver Bend Member of the Girkin Formation (lower Upper Mississippian). The travertine speleothem-rich areas of Great Onyx Cave are wet and occur where a cap of overlying Big Clifty Sandstone is absent. The dry portions of the cave are below an intact Big Clifty Sandstone "caprock", and include the giant canyon passage areas and the gypsum speleothem areas.The main cave passage of Great Onyx Cave is called Edwards Avenue. It is a giant canyon passage at Level B in the Mammoth Cave System. Level B passages formed about 2 to 4 million years ago during the Pliocene.This cave is sometimes accessible to the general public by guided lantern tours during boreal summer months. This photo was taken during a field trip in June 2011 as part of a cave geology course at Mammoth Cave park."Speleothem" is the technical term for "cave formations", and refers to all secondary mineral deposits in caves. The most common speleothem-forming mineral is calcite (CaCO3 - calcium carbonate), the same mineral in limestone, which is the host rock for almost all caves on Earth. Speleothem composed of calcium carbonate is given the compositional rock name travertine. Some travertine forms at the surface, at hot springs or cold springs. Cave travertine forms in many specific ways, and genetic rock names have been established for the many known varieties (e.g., dripstone, flowstone, helictites, coralloids, shelfstone, rimstone, etc.).The large travertine structures seen here are flowstone-covered columns. Columns are a variety of dripstone, formed by the fusion of a stalactite (growing downward from the ceiling) and a stalagmite (growing upward from the floor). The "frozen waterfall" effect covering the columns is flowstone, formed by calcium carbonate precipitation from thin films of water flowing over a substrate. A gradation exists between dripstone and flowstone - some speleothem types can't be readily categorized as one or the other. Dripstone and flowstone frequently occur together and can be intergrown. Many columns have flowstone coverings.
撮影日2011-06-16 14:33:01
撮影者James St. John
タグ
撮影地


(C)名入れギフト.com