Ironfest 2012 : 無料・フリー素材/写真
Ironfest 2012 / JC Merriman
| ライセンス | クリエイティブ・コモンズ 表示 2.1 |
|---|---|
| 説明 | Civilizations that used mail used different terms for each garment made from it. The standard terms for European mail armour derive from French: leggings are called chausses, a hood is a coif and mittens, mitons. A mail collar hanging from a helmet is a camail or aventail. A shirt made from mail is a hauberk if knee-length and a haubergeon if mid-thigh length. A mail shirt interwoven between two layers of fabric is called a jazerant. A waist-length coat in medieval Europe was called a byrnie, although the exact construction of a byrnie is unclear.Noting that the byrnie was the ″most highly valued piece of armour″ to the Carolingian soldier, Bennet, Bradbury, DeVries, Dickie, and Jestice indicate that:There is some dispute among historians as to what exactly constituted the Carolingian byrnie. Relying... only on artistic and some literary sources because of the lack of archaeological examples, some believe that it was a heavy leather jacket with metal scales sewn onto it. It was also quite long, reaching below the hips and covering most of the arms. Other historians claim instead that the Carolingian byrnie was nothing more than a coat of mail, but longer and perhaps heavier than traditional early medieval mail. Without more certain evidence, this dispute will continue.The modern usage of terms for mail armour is highly contested in popular and, to a lesser degree, academic culture. Medieval sources referred to armour of this type simply as “mail”. “Chain-mail”, however, has become a commonly-used, if incorrect neologism first attested in Sir Walter Scott’s 1822 novel The Fortunes of Nigel. Since then the word “mail” has been commonly, if incorrectly, applied to other types of armour, such as in “plate-mail” (first attested in 1835). The more correct term is 'plated mail'.Mail was introduced to China when its allies in Central Asia paid tribute to the Tang Emperor in 718 by giving him a coat of "link armour" assumed to be mail. China first encountered the armour in 384 when its allies in the nation of Kuchi arrived wearing 'armour similar to chains'. Once in China mail was imported but was not produced widely. Due to its flexibility and comfort, it was typically the armour of high-ranking guards and those who could afford the import rather than the armour of the rank and file, who used the easier to produce and maintain brigandine and lamellar types. However, it was one of the only military products that China imported from foreigners. Mail spread to Korea slightly later where it was imported as the armour of imperial guards and generals.The Japanese had more varieties of mail than all the rest of the world put together. In Japan mail is called kusari which means chain. When the word kusari is used in conjunction with an armoured item it usually means that the kusari makes up the majority of the armour defence. An example of this would be kusari gusoku which means chain armour. Kusari jackets, hoods, gloves, vests, shin, shoulder, thigh guards, and other armoured clothing were produced, even kusari tabi socks.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mail_(armour) |
| 撮影日 | 2012-04-21 10:18:16 |
| 撮影者 | JC Merriman , Blue Mountains, Australia |
| タグ | |
| 撮影地 | Lithgow, New South Wales, Australia 地図 |
| カメラ | NIKON D700 , NIKON CORPORATION |
| 露出 | 0.002 sec (1/640) |
| 開放F値 | f/5.6 |
| 焦点距離 | 150 mm |