Fairford, St Mary's church, West Window (Revised) : 無料・フリー素材/写真
Fairford, St Mary's church, West Window (Revised) / Jules & Jenny
| ライセンス | クリエイティブ・コモンズ 表示 2.1 |
|---|---|
| 説明 | Early 16th C.The window was damaged by a storm in 1703 and the upper glass is largely 19th C.This mediaeval stained glass was made between 1500 and 1517, probably under the direction of the Kings Glazier, Bernard Flower. A number of the glaziers and painters came from the Netherlands. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------The following is taken from " Fairford Church and its Stained Glass Windows" by O G Farmer (1931).The subject depicts the Last Judgement, occupying all the lights in the window including those in the tracery.In the upper lights the figures have been arranged to make a large coloured circle. In the centre Christ is shown in majesty as judge. He is seated on a rainbow throne encircling a sky with grey and blue clouds, and the earth as his footstool. On his right is a lily with a long stem, on his left is a sword.On either side of his head the scrolls state "Justice" and "Mercy". The Earth under his feet is glowing ruby red with towers and buildings falling amid flames and heat. On the left of the rainbow below the lily the Blessed Virgin Mary kneels on the clouds looking towards the Saviour. On the right below the sword is St John the Baptist wearing his camel hair robe.This centrepiece is surrounded by a flaming circle of Ruby Angels, the Seraphim. Another circle outside this is composed of the Apostles and martyrs. Beginning behind the Virgin in order upwards the figures are St James the Great, St Andrew, St John on the left, and St Matthew on the right, St Simon on the left and St Thomas on the right, and St Luke. Behind John the Baptist in order upwards are St Paul with his sword, St James the less, St Philip on the left and St Bartholomew on the right, Saint Matthias on the left and St Jude on the right, and Saint Mark. The rest of the circle is various saints and a Pope is at the apex of the centre light outside this circle are the cherubim a wonderful circle of blue angels, and outside again the circle is formed of angels holding symbols of the passion.Below the transom, Saint Michael the Archangel in the middle stands on the Green Earth, holding a pair of balances in one hand and a cross in the other. At his feet the graves open, and the dead rise clothed in their flesh and grave clothes. In the pan of the balance on the right is one of the Blessed. In that on the left is a Ruby Devil with yellow eyes while under the pan on this side hidden from St Michael, hangs a Blue Devil, the two uniting their efforts, but without a veil, to make the good figure short weight.The Blessed are welcomed by Angels who fight the Devil's. On a level with St Michael's head on the right, an Angel in a golden robe and Ruby Cloak wars with a Blue Devil for the possession of one of the Blessed, depicted as a child held underneath the left arm of the Angel. The one hand and the leg of the child in the other, as the Angel thrusts the shaft of a processional cross which it holds in its uplifted right hand, down the Devil's throat.On the right a devil with blue wings and two heads, one in his stomach, and one on his shoulders, appears to be assisting the Blue Devil below.The original glass directly in front of the double headed monster has been lost, and a piece of older glass on which is a tonsured head has been substituted for it. Above St Michael's head an angel in a golden robe is seen bearing away one in its arms of the elect it has rescued. Level with St Michael's scales on the left, an angel with most beautiful wings is shown holding down its hands to help rise from the grave one of the Blessed, who is exclaiming “Let everything that hath breath praise the Lord”. Above this angel another is shown bearing away one of the elect, their heads have been destroyed. In the head of this light is an angel with “mercy” written on its head. At the bottom one of the Blessed rising from the grave exclaims “let us give thanks unto our Lord God”. The Angels bear the elect to St Peter, the large figure in a ruby robe in the second light. St Peter holding his keys in his hand, stands on a blue flight of golden steps leading to a Golden Gateway in a blue sky. A figure in front of St Peter exclaims “let us give thanks unto our Lord God”. The Blessed who have passed St Peter are allowed to proceed, and are shown entering in at the golden portals. One of them, a monk exclaimed “O God blessed art thou in thy gifts”.In contrast to the Angels, who bear the Blessed to St Peter, there is a host of devils bearing the lost to an everlasting inferno. The chief of the Devils, Satan, is shown in the last light at the bottom as a composite monster with two heads one in his stomach with large teeth, round staring eyes, and flat nose, the other on his shoulders in profile with one bright round eye, a large open mouth, a huge extended under jaw, and large hooked teeth. Into this vast aperture, the mouth of hell, the lost are seen disappearing amid flames of fire. The chief of the Devils is seated with legs apart between them is a huge green tail which extends to the bottom of the light. His left hand rests on his knee in his right hand he holds a trident for a sceptre. The small intermediate spaces behind this figure are filled with Devil's heads like fishes. Facing Satan is a full length devil with a blue body and white feet which are webbed, the head is surmounted with a pair of horns. He is engaged in Wheeling one of the dams in a yellow wheelbarrow through glowing flames, to shoot it into the mouth of Hell. The lost soul in the Barrow is seated with its arms around its knees. At the back of the Blue Devil's head and shoulders is the wheel of a red hand cart, seated in which is another of the damned, who looks quite unconcerned. Harnessed to the shafts of the cart by a chain is a devil with blue body and white legs. A huge dark Green Devil with a long spiked tail and a red head is seen pushing the cart from behind with a bar glowing red with heat. Below this monster is a Blue Devil with scaly body and webbed feet. On his head are two yellow horns and in his hands is a long handled two pronged fork. He is carrying on his shoulders one of the lost, who holds out its arms to Saint Michael, as though imploring him to save it from its impending doom. Behind this blue monster, a Ruby Devil with round mouth and eyes, a long hooked nose and yellow curling horns swings in his right hand a mace with which he belabours a female figure rising from a grave in front of him. At the top of this light, an angel with curly hair looks down. Over his head on a scroll is written "judgement of the damned”. Directly over the handcart in the sixth light is seen a Purple Devil amid lurid flames, bearing one of the damned on his shoulders. From behind another of the damned with arms extended above its head, is being dragged along on the end of a blue chain. Above this purple devil is a fiery Red Devil amid the flames, which die out in long curling tongues behind him. This devil has a very bright eye and mouth and a long tail curled up in a knot at the end. He has picked up one of the lost by the legs and slung him head downwards over his shoulder. Holding his burden by the legs, this devil bears it away to a burning fiery furnace at the top of the 7th light. This furnace or glass makers oven, for so it seems to be, is glowing with heat which is intensified by the labours of a Blue Fiend who, standing directly in front, creates a blast by using a large pair of bellows. The bellows are yellow but glow at the end from the intense heat of the fire. This Blue Devil is assisted by another standing behind, and above their heads, an opening is seen in the brickwork through which the crucibles containing the molten glass would be passed. From this opening proceed tongues of flame, lighting with a red and purple glow figures of the lost impaled on stakes or forks, and thrown into the oven. In the lower portion of the oven is another smaller aperture opening directly on the glowing fire. This has been designed to show that although the lost may be thrown into the fire yet they do not perish, they are shown through this opening in fearful agony.Below the blast furnace is seen the mill in which the materials for making the glass were ground. It consisted of a round hopper with cogs on the top which fitted into the cogs of a two vertical wheels on a spindle fixed to a wooden framing, and worked not unlike a modern pug or mortar mill. At the end of the spindle is a cranked handle held in the hands of a Ruby Devil with hair like flames of fire and yellow eyes. This monster has set the mill in motion and is breaking up the damned bought to him by the Purple Devil seen approaching. One of the lost is seen on the Hopper with extended arms undergoing the torture of being crushed. The Hopper is suspended over a large wooden vat which has a hole in its side, through which the lost are seen in great agony, for although they have gone through the awful tortures on the mill they are still living. Theirs is an everlasting punishment. Across the vat are the words “cursed be the day I was born”. Under the VAT another form of torture has been devised. One of the glassmakers' crucibles used to contain the molten glass is shown with a fire round it. The glow of the molten metal reflects a blue light in this crucible some of the lost are still living in great torch. The Heat is intensified by a blast supplied by Devils blowing through long trumpet mouthed tubes such as were used in the making of the glass. One of the Devils so employed behind the head of Satan resembles an ape. |
| 撮影日 | 2024-03-15 15:14:07 |
| 撮影者 | Jules & Jenny , Lincoln, UK |
| タグ | |
| 撮影地 | Cotswold District, England, UK 地図 |
| カメラ | NIKON D7500 , NIKON CORPORATION |
| 露出 | 0.011 sec (1/90) |
| 開放F値 | f/13.0 |
| 焦点距離 | 32 mm |