HMS Tarter (1907) : 無料・フリー素材/写真
HMS Tarter (1907) / hugh llewelyn
| ライセンス | クリエイティブ・コモンズ 表示-継承 2.1 |
|---|---|
| 説明 | A contemporary builder’s model of the Tribal Class (later F Class) Destroyer HMS Tarter at the Science Museum, South Kensington, 15 November 2008. The 560 ton River or E Class destroyers of 1903-05 had represented a step change in British destroyer design being both much larger than previous 300 ton destroyers and more sturdily built, making them much more suitable for the rough seas of the North Sea. However, the Rivers, though highly successful, were slower than previous classes and contemporary German destroyers. The First Sea Lord, Jackie Fisher, wanted something much faster and powered by the new technology of oil-fired steam turbines rather than coal-fired reciprocating engines. The result was the advanced, heavily armed, extremely fast, very large – for that time – and very expensive Tribal Class. They were intended to be the first class of true ocean-going destroyers (an aim they didn’t meet). In order to have sufficient destroyers it was decided to complement them with small Coastal Destroyers (later classed as torpedo boats), the Cricket Class. But this dual approach did not work – the Tribals were too large, the Crickets too small and both were too fragile. A reversion to more balanced designs of destroyers followed. To describe the Tribals as a class is misleading since, as was usual practice by the Admiralty at that time, orders were divided amongst several builders who were left to their own devices in designing their ships as long as they followed the rather general requirements given them. Moreover, individual builder’s designs varied according to which Programme their orders fell under! Twelve were built in 1907-09 from eight builders: 3 from Thornycroft, 3 from J Samuel White, 2 from Hawthorne Leslie, 1 from Denny, 1 from Palmers, 1 from Cammell Laird and 1 from Armstrong Whitworth, all producing very different designs with 3, 4 or even 6 funnels!The designs varied greatly, their lengths were between 250-280 ft, beams from 25-27 ft, draughts of 8.6-9 ft and their displacement from 860-1,090 tons, substantial differences! They were all turbine powered (14,500-15,500 shp) which gave them speeds ranging from 33-36 kts, extraordinarily fast for the time. White's HMS Mohawk even managed 37 kts on trial. However, they used so much fuel that their range fell far short of what had been expected and severely limited their utility. All were armed with 3, later 5x12 pdrs (2x4” guns – then newly developed - on the last batch of 5) and 2x18” TT (singles on turntables). All were broken up in 1919-21.Contemporary with the ground-breaking battleship HMS Dreadnought, initially the Tribals appeared equally ground breaking, but they were failures. Never again would the Admiralty order destroyers that seemed spectacular on paper but in practice were not fit for purpose, even if in future this meant a certain conservatism in design. Fisher intended that they be used as light cruisers to patrol the northern North Sea (with its very rough waters) to prevent German blockade runners but in the event the Tribals proved poor sea boats with a range little better than the Cricket Coastal Destroyers. HMS Tartar was of the Thornycroft 1905 design, was launched in 1907 at the Woolston yard, Southampton and commissioned in 1908. She had a 14,500 shp engine, a maximum speed of 33 kts, measured 255 ft x 25.6 ft x 8.6 ft and had a displacement of 890 tons. She was broken up in 1920. |
| 撮影日 | 2008-11-15 16:46:02 |
| 撮影者 | hugh llewelyn , Keynsham, UK |
| タグ | |
| 撮影地 | Royal Kensington and Chelsea, England, UK 地図 |
| カメラ | DSLR-A350 , SONY |