Große Kirche : 無料・フリー素材/写真
Große Kirche / peterolthof
| ライセンス | クリエイティブ・コモンズ 表示-改変禁止 2.1 |
|---|---|
| 説明 | EmdenThe Evangelical Reformed Great Church in Emden is one of the most important sites in East Frisian history. It is the Moederkerk (Dutch: mother church) of the Reformed congregations in northern Germany and the Netherlands. After the destruction in World War II, no more services were held in the church. The Swiss church was built on part of the foundation walls for the parish. The Great Church now houses the Johannes a Lasco Library, which is considered to be one of the most important special theological libraries in Germany.The establishment of the Great Church is closely linked to the establishment of the Frisian trading settlement, from which Emden later emerged. The place was founded in the 9th century on what was then the right bank of the Ems, near the confluence of a creek on a Langwarft up to six meters high. A burial ground to the west belonged to the settlement from the beginning. It was laid out on its own terp and provided with a small wooden church.According to the results of dendrochronological studies, a younger wooden church dates to the year 966. It was built as the settlement enlarged and expanded further and further north. Around 1200, the residents of Emden began to erect a Romanesque single-nave brick building with a west tower in place of the wooden church that was under the patronage of Cosmas and Damians. This is possibly due to the Westphalian cobbones to whom the settlement was subordinate, because Essen and Werden, as important centers of veneration for these two saints at that time, were within the control of the cobbones.In the 13th century the church was expanded into a cross-shaped building, to which two aisles were added in the 14th century. Before 1403 it was expanded into a three-aisled hall church.On November 25, 1403, the church was badly damaged in a severe storm surge. The repair work lasted until 1453. The west tower was demolished and a new tower was built on the north side. The Ulrich choir was added to the central nave in 1454 by extending the east choir by two yokes. Around 1500 this choir was finally expanded to become the Last Supper choir, and a little later the trauchor and sacristy were built. In 1516–1517 the side choirs were separated from the main choir and the high altar with a delicate tracery grille made of sandstone.Before 1558, Countess Anna had the Lords' Crypt laid out in East Friesland and the burial place from the Marienthal Monastery in the north. Between 1560 and 1570 it was transformed into a reformed church. The tower was connected to the main nave.Even before the beginning of the 16th century, chapels were added to the choir in the north and south, which, together with the choir, were then extended by two more bays to the east.In 1861 the dilapidated north tower was demolished and replaced by a new building.During the Second World War, the church was destroyed in a bombing raid on December 11, 1943. From 1948 to 1949, with the help of the Evangelical Reformed Churches in Switzerland, a new church was built on part of the foundation walls, which has since been popularly known as the Swiss Church. The tower was rebuilt in the years 1965–1966 and received a new bell room with a tall, slender tower spire that is higher than the original. Most of the church remained in ruins, however, the interior of which was exposed to the weather as the roof was destroyed. Emergency roofing was not erected until the 1980s. In 1992 the foundation stone for the construction of the Johannes a Lasco library in the Great Church was laid. The construction costs of almost 8 million euros were largely borne by the Lower Saxony Foundation, the state of Lower Saxony and the city of Emden, in addition to the Evangelical Reformed Church. After the construction work was completed, the library was opened on November 22, 1995.The masonry of the church that has been preserved in this building was created between 1455 and 1509 and belongs to the late Gothic period. |
| 撮影日 | 2020-09-01 14:59:49 |
| 撮影者 | peterolthof |
| タグ | |
| 撮影地 | Kreisfreie Stadt Emden, Lower Saxony, Germany 地図 |
| カメラ | DSC-HX400V , SONY |
| 露出 | 0.004 sec (1/250) |
| 開放F値 | f/6.3 |
| 焦点距離 | 8 mm |