Hawker South Australia in the Flinders Ranges. The town War Memorial and Walk near dawn. : 無料・フリー素材/写真
Hawker South Australia in the Flinders Ranges. The town War Memorial and Walk near dawn. / denisbin
| ライセンス | クリエイティブ・コモンズ 表示-改変禁止 2.1 |
|---|---|
| 説明 | Hawker.Pastoralists moved into this country displacing the hunting and religious grounds of the Aboriginal people from 1851. Because of its altitude 470 metres (over 1,540 feet) and its location in the Flinders Ranges Hawker has an average rainfall of about 300 mms a year more than enough to grow good wheat and grain crops in some spots. But when Surveyor General George Goyder developed his line of demarcation between pastoral and farming lands in 1864 he did not base it just on average rainfall. He took into account the variability of annual rainfall and soils. Locations like Hawker, well beyond his line, have highly variable rainfall. But after a series of above average rainfalls in the late 1870s, and with pressure on the government to open up more land for farming blocks on credit, the government ignored the sensible advice of Goyder and opened up these northern lands. The County of Blatchford was declared in 1877 and within it the Hundred of Wonoka also in 1877. Farmers flocked to the Willochra Plains between Quorn and what is now Hawker. Plans for the Great Northern Railway were afoot to open up these lands to farmers, and pastoralists and possible mining too. Work began in 1878 and the line from Port Augusta reached Quorn in 1878 and the proposed town of Hawker in 1880. The town was surveyed and named in 1880 after George Hawker of Bungaree in the Clare valley. He was at that time an elected politician for the seat of Victoria which covered Mt Gambier to Kingston South East but he was also the Commissioner of Public Works from 1877 to 1881. His interests were railways and pastoralism. Hawker was the terminus of the Great Northern Railway for a couple of years before it was extended to Farina in 1882. The town grew quickly with an influx of farmers on the flat regions around the town. The soils here were generally good and grain crops are still grown around Hawker today. Surprisingly the Adelaide Milling Company built a flour mill in Hawker in 1884. But the real basis of the town was the railway. It handled wool from the stations, passengers, bagged wheat and flour and goods for the surrounding districts. Its claim to be the hub of the Flinders Ranges was justified as it was the crossroads for traffic north to Wilpena Pound and the mining town of Blinman, eastward to the pastoral stations towards Yunta and westwards to Parachilna and Beltana. Parts of the Hawker Hotel (formerly the Royal) were erected in 1882; the fine stone railway station was completed in 1885; the stone government school was built in 1883; the stone Post Office was open for business in 1882; the Hawker Institute was established in 1889 but the hall( and Council Office) was not built until 1893; and the first wooden Wesleyan Methodist church opened in 1880 but was replaced with a stone church in 1884; the Anglican Church opened in 1890 ( closed in 1972); the War Memorial Hospital was built in 1923; the Gothic Catholic Church was opened in July 1892 by the Bishop of Port Augusta with additions made in 1914; the District Council was formed in 1880. By 1895 Hawker had 900 residents but that figure was halved by 1954. Today Hawker has around 250 residents. |
| 撮影日 | 2020-09-29 08:40:56 |
| 撮影者 | denisbin |
| タグ | |
| 撮影地 | |
| カメラ | DSC-HX90V , SONY |
| 露出 | 0.004 sec (1/250) |
| 開放F値 | f/4.5 |