Port Lincoln. Old stone cottage near Mill Cottage. : 無料・フリー素材/写真
Port Lincoln. Old stone cottage near Mill Cottage. / denisbin
| ライセンス | クリエイティブ・コモンズ 表示-改変禁止 2.1 |
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| 説明 | Brief History of Port Lincoln. Port Lincoln and Boston Bay were sighted and charted by Matthew Flinders in 1802 and named after his home town of Boston in Lincolnshire. Lincoln and Boston Bay were one of the many areas explored and considered by Colonel William Light for the location of the new colonial capital in 1836 but he discounted this area quickly. It lacked good water courses, the trees were scrubby and not tall and Light was not convinced the hinterland would provide the agricultural areas that were needed for the new colony. But it was clear the Boston Bay itself received good and reliable rainfall. Consequently when the government allowed Special Surveys in 1839 to get money into the state coffers and to open up more areas with surveyed land two groups applied for the £4,000 Special Surveys here. This amount of money would allow each group to select 4,000 acres of their choice at £1 per acre and it would provide some surveyed land for the government to sell to others. The Port Lincoln and Boston Bay Surveys ( listed as numbers 9 and 10 in the survey list) were for a syndicate which included David McLaren on behalf of the SA Company and Charles Flaxman on behalf of George Fife Angas and the other group included Captain Henry Hawson and others including Matthew Smith. The McLaren/Flaxman group claimed the survey based around Port Lincoln as did the Hawson group. A legal fight over the boundaries of the two surveys resulted and the McLaren/Flaxman group surrendered their Special Survey in April 1840 leaving the Hawson/Smith group as the sole occupiers of the Port Lincoln and Boston Bay area. The actual survey of the Boston Bay Special survey for Hawson and others took place in 1841. In the meantime Captain Hawson and prospective settlers to his new settlement arrived in mid 1839 on his ship the Abeona, Captain Porter’s ship the Porter and Captain Bishop’s ship the Dorset. The town of Port Lincoln was laid out in March of 1839 long before the Special Survey was undertaken. Surveyor Benjamin Winter laid out a town for the Special Survey owner Henry Hawson with 850 town blocks. Within one year there were 8 houses and 20 cottages or huts in Port Lincoln and by March 1841 there were 60 houses and huts. The settlers were on their own with no government police or resident magistrate or administrator but in April 1839 one month after the arrival of the settlers here Governor Hindmarsh appointed Captain Porter as a Justice of the Peace and in June 1839 an administrator in charge of customs and posts was appointed and Matthew Smith was appointed as resident magistrate. Sometime later September 1842 Charles Driver was appointed as the first Resident or administrator of the Flinders District responsible for courts, police, births and marriages, customs and general government collection of fees and dues for leases depasturing licences etc. Driver served in this capacity for ten years. Eventually in the mid 1850s a government Residency was built in Port Lincoln for the local Resident. This “so called” government house was named Ravendale. It is one of the oldest buildings still standing in Port Lincoln. In later years the office of residency was dispensed with and it became a private residence by 1875. The founders of the settlement Hawson and Porter in 1839 made arrangements with the Imlay brothers of Twofold Bay (Eden in NSW) to look at whaling in Boston Bay. By 1843 there were three whaling stations in the Port Lincoln district. As early as 1840 there were almost 220 inhabitants of the lands from the Special Survey. Governor Gawler visited Boston Bay and Eyre Peninsula shortly after his arrival in SA in early 1840. The government surveyed a further 6,000 acres near Port Lincoln in 1843 so that they had more land to sell there. Henry Hawson and Robert Tod explored the lower Eyre Peninsula in 1839 and discovered the Tod River showing that Eyre Peninsula was not as barren as explorer Edward John Eyre had believed. By the late 1840s many of the early settlers had deserted Port Lincoln for other places. Governor Sir Henry Young visited Port Lincoln in July 1851 to open the nave of the Anglican Church which was begun in 1850. The chancel, transepts and vestry were added in 1876. The Anglicans had received a glebe lands grant from the government and some financial assistance towards the cost of erecting the church. At the time of Governor Young’s visit the whole region had a population of around 300 people but 70,000 sheep. The people hardly numbered more than were present there in 1840. But Henry Hawson had 13 children and he was personally making a great success of his venture at Port Lincoln. He resided there but still operated his ship for trade with Albany, Hobart and elsewhere. He built his homestead at Kirton Point which was demolished many decades ago. Hawson farmed land near Port Lincoln and grazed cattle near Coffin Bay and was buried in 1849 in the Happy Valley cemetery at Port Lincoln. His children went on to become land owners across Eyre Peninsula. Hawson’s friend Matthew Smith who bought land in the original Special Survey became the first magistrate of Port Lincoln in 1839. He was also the first to take out a leasehold estate on Eyre Peninsula which he did in 1842 and he called his station Poonindie. Smith quit the station and it was then that Archdeacon Matthew Hale and the Bishop Short of Adelaide established an Aboriginal Mission at Poonindie in 1850. Their Aboriginal workers in the Mission shore 10,000 sheep in some years. The Mission closed in 1896 and the church was rededicated as St Matthews Church of England. It is a church with a fireplace! When Matthew Smith got rid of Poonindie station he established a cattle run near Coffin Bay. He also owned 65 acres at Glenelg and was a successful land speculator. Matthew Smith also purchased 45 waterfront town blocks in Port Lincoln in 1839 which he also sold at a profit. He died in Adelaide in 1858.As the 19th century progressed so did the township of Port Lincoln with its fine deep water harbour. It was sheep that provided a livelihood for the port town with the government jetty being erected in 1857 so the port could handle all wool from across the Eyre Peninsula. The fine Courthouse was built in 1862 and the Lincoln Hotel which opened in 1840 moved to a new location in a substantial building in 1852 indicating the growth of the town. Until 1864 when Streaky Bay was proclaimed Port Lincoln was the only town on the whole of Eyre Peninsula. In 1907 Port Lincoln’s role on Eyre Peninsula altered again with the first railway line built from Port Lincoln to Cummins. The Eyre Peninsula lines were gradually extended to Kimba and Buckleboo (1926) and westwards to Ceduna and Penong (1924) but they emanated from Port Lincoln. A solid two storey railway station was erected in Port Lincoln in 1927 to replace the earlier wooden structure once these new rail lines had been completed. |
| 撮影日 | 2016-10-28 10:56:36 |
| 撮影者 | denisbin |
| タグ | |
| 撮影地 | |
| カメラ | DSC-HX30V , SONY |
| 露出 | 0.004 sec (1/250) |
| 開放F値 | f/9.0 |