Hahndorf. Heritage listed Shady Grove Unitarian Church in the Adelaide Hills built in 1858. : 無料・フリー素材/写真
Hahndorf. Heritage listed Shady Grove Unitarian Church in the Adelaide Hills built in 1858. / denisbin
| ライセンス | クリエイティブ・コモンズ 表示-改変禁止 2.1 |
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| 説明 | Shady Grove and the Unitarians in SA.Unitarianism is not well known is SA. There have ever only been two churches, the one here at Shady Grove and the landmark beautiful large church in Wakefield Street opposite St. Francis Xavier Catholic Cathedral. This grand Unitarian stone church with the beautiful hexagonal tower at the front was built in 1856. It closed in 1971 when the State government acquired the site. They demolished the church in 1973 to build a government office block which stands on the corner of Gawler Place and Wakefield Street. The Unitarians then moved to a new church at 99 Osmond Tce, Norwood. But what distinguishes Unitarians from other churches? The brief summary here does not convey the complexities and subtleties of the Unitarian creed but will suffice for our history excursion today. Unitarianism emerged during the Reformation in the late 1500s but then it re-emerged as a modern church in England from 1774. The Unitarians rejected the concept of the Holy Trinity. Jesus was just an exceptional man. They were rationalists and realists so they rejected the concept of a spiritual force, the virgin birth, miracles and eventually the resurrection of Christ. They rejected the concept of original sin and they saw the Bible as man’s interpretation of Christ with much religious folklore in it. They believe in a unitary God - Christ. They believe in intellectual freedom and practical Christianity- love, peace, freedom, liberty and respect for all. They believe all can be saved by devotion to Christ and Christian living. The heritage listed Shady Grove Unitarian Church has a fascinating history which all began when John Monks and his sister Alice Duffield, and her husband Francis, arrived in SA in 1839. Francis Duffield’s brother had established the Unitarian church in Manchester England and John Monks and Francis Duffield were staunch Unitarians. Monks purchased 80 acres of land near Littlehampton in 1845 and he called his property Shady Grove. In 1854 he built a fine two storey Georgian house on the land as by then he had married and had a small family. His brother in law bought 74 acres adjoining in 1849 and he called his property Cobden Grange. Both properties were within easy walking distance to Littlehampton, Hahndorf, Nairne and Balhannah. When the first private school, the Fenwick School, closed in Balhannah in 1856 John Monks decided to build a school on his land for the children of the two families. He became the teacher until he employed a tutor. Stone quarried on the site was used for the school room which was completed with Gothic windows in 1856. From the start Francis Duffield conducted Unitarian church services for the two families. A year later in 1866 John Crompton and his family from Littlehampton joined the congregation. When a son of John Monks died in 1862 he created a cemetery next to the school/chapel. A Duffield baby girl was buried there next in 1863. The first adult to be buried in the cemetery was Alice Duffield in 1880. Meantime John Monks offered the church, cemetery and four acres to the Unitarian Church in Wakefield Street Adelaide in 1865. It was accepted at that time but it took a further 13 years before the trust deed was signed by the city church which still owns Shady Grove. The congregation at Shady Grove consisted of the Monk, Duffield and Crompton families and children until 1875 when the Smith family of Mt Barker joined the congregation. Services were then conducted alternately at Shady Grove or Milton House, the home of the Smiths in Mt Barker. As the children born in the colony grew up they married into the Smith and Crompton families. In 1881 Francis Duffield the minister retired and moved to live with his daughter at Clare before dying in 1888. The other founder John Monks died in 1889. Two of the sons of the Smith family from Mt Barker then conducted the services eventually with the help of lay preachers from the city. By 1955 the Shady Grove church was being used for just three services a year which is still the case. It was also in that year a hostel for Unitarians who wanted to camp up at Shady Grove was erected. The Adelaide Unitarian minister often conducted some services at Shady Grove too in the 19th century. Then in 1875 he exchanged preaching with the Unitarian minister of Melbourne who came to Adelaide for a month. Miss Martha Turner was the first ordained female minister in Australia. Her sermons were attended by Catherine Helen Spence the champion of women’s rights and the person who fought hard to the votes for women in SA. Catherine Helen Spence was a devout Unitarian and used to preach herself in the Wakefield Street church. How amazing that it should ever have been bulldozed! Spence became the President of the Women’s Suffrage League in 1891. After helping to win the suffrage for SA women in 1894 she then fought for suffrage for women in NSW and Victoria. Catherine Helen Spence in 1854 was also the first female in Australia to publish a novel about life in Australia. It was published anonymously and she did not publish using her name until 1865. She died in 1910.Apart from the members of the Duffield, Monk, Crompton and Smith families the sculptor and artist John Dowie is also buried in Shady Grove cemetery. His most famous and certainly largest work is the Three Rivers fountain in Victoria Square. He died in 2008. In spring this peaceful cemetery is coloured by native orchids, wattles and other Australian wildflowers. |
| 撮影日 | 2012-11-20 04:38:10 |
| 撮影者 | denisbin |
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| カメラ | DSC-HX30V , SONY |
| 露出 | 0.013 sec (1/80) |
| 開放F値 | f/3.2 |